Urban Administration

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Municipal Corporation:

• Cities with a large population have Municipal Corporations.
• Cities are divided into wards and each ward elects a Ward Councillor.
• The number of councillors vary according to the size of the city.
• Any person who is 21 years or above who want to be a ward councillor can contest the election.
• They are elected for 5 years.
• All elected councillors are members of General Council.
• The General Council decides the important issues pertaining the city.
• The councillors put forward their problems in the council and seek solutions.
• The General Council also has members like MLAs, MPs, and distinguished residents of the city.
• These members of General Council elect a Mayor and a Deputy Mayor.
• Committees are made to carry out day-to-day work.
• Each committee comprises of councillors and a Chairperson.
• The Municipal Corporation has a Chief Executive Officer known as Commissioner, who is appointed by government to implement the decisions made by the committees.
• The Municipal Corporation gets its income from taxes, government grants, etc.

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Some of the functions of Municipal Corporation are:

• to issue birth and death certificates.
• to build graveyards and crematoriums.
• to set up hospitals and organise health camps.
• to provide water and electricity.
• to maintain streets, drainage system, street lights, etc.
• to arrange proper garbage disposal.
• to build schools, libraries, parks, museums, bridges, etc.
• to check adulteration of food.
• to arrange vaccination programmes.

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Municipal Council:

• Towns with a population of less than ten lakh have Municipal Council or Municipality.
• It is elected for five years.
• The city is divided into wards and each ward elects a member.
• Anyone who is 21 or above can contest in the election.
• Generally, Municipal Councils have 15 or 16 members.
• Some seats are reserved for SC/ST/OBC members and women members, and some seats are reserved for MPs, MLAs and other members who have experience in municipal administration.
• The members of Municipality elect a Chairperson and a Vice Chairperson.
• Municipalities also have a Commissioner or President.

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Nagar Panchayats:

• They are set up in places which are changing from rural to urban.
• It is elected for five years.
• It has elected, nominated ex-officio members.
• The members undertake developmental activities in their particular area.

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